As in the case of a voyage charter-party，it is implied in all bills of lading that（）will be made from the contractual route unless such deviation is justified.

A Contract of Affreightment covering the movement of a particular cargo from one designated port to another at a specified rate for each ton of goods loaded is called a（）.

Because most，if not all，of the evidence（）the carrier，the burden of proof soon shifts to the carrier，once the claimant has made initial proof of improper care.

Contracts whereby the possession and control of a ship vest（）the Charterer are becoming more common today especially in the oil tanker trade.

（）the Charterer is also the shipper，the bill of lading is usually only a receipt for the goods and a document of title.

The owners of the S.S. Short Haul agree to a charter with the Longsplice Steamship Company. The owners stipulate in the charter party that the regular Master must be employed as the vessel’s Master for the entire life of the contract. Which charter has be （）.

If the buyer charters a ship and sends for the goods，the transit（）by shipment of the goods，although the seller does not know where the goods are being taken.

A right to withdraw a vessel（）the service of the Charterers failing the punctual and regular payment of the hire cannot be defeated by later tender of the hire.

Apart from special contract or statute every Shipowner is（）a liability akin to that of a common carrier，irrespective of whether the goods were shipped by a Charterer or on a general ship.

The question of the duration of the transit（）primarily one of the intention of the parties.