Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

Phonetics

Syntax

General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.

Language