Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.

Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

P （）refers to the realization of langue in actual use.

A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks.

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

Morphology

Linguistics

Semantics

Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.