Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.

The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.

Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings.

P （）refers to the realization of langue in actual use.

Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user’s k（）of the rules of his language.

Language is p（）in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.

The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.

A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.