Langue refers to the a（）linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules.

Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.

Linguistics

Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.

General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.

The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

Language is p（）in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.

Phonology

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.