Apart from special contract or statute every Shipowner is（）a liability akin to that of a common carrier，irrespective of whether the goods were shipped by a Charterer or on a general ship.

A breach of the（）undertaking of seaworthiness at the port of loading entitles theCharterer to refuse to load.

A charter-party usually contains a clause stating that the master is to be under the orders of the（）as regards employment，agency or other arrangements.

A vessel is not in every way fitted for cargo service（）at the time of her delivery to the charterers her engine room staff is incompetent and inadequate，and accordingly she is unseaworthy.

Both the Shipowner and the Charterer will be discharged from their obligations under the charter-party if it（）frustrated.

Where a propeller shaft passes through the hull，water is prevented from entering by means of a（）.

The carrier is entitled to（）overboard goods which are dangerous.

The carrier can obtain（）for loss caused to him by the shipper stating the particulars of the goods inaccurately.

If the state of the goods at the time they were handed over to the consignee has been the subject of a joint survey or inspection by the parties，notice in writing（）be given of loss or damage ascertained during such survey or inspection.

Where a charter-party stated that errors of navigation were excluded，it was held that these words referred to non-negligent errors，and（）not wide enough to embrace negligent errors.