Langue refers to the a（）linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules.

Linguistics

Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings.

Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user’s k（）of the rules of his language.

Pragmatics

The study of meaning in language is known as semantics.

P （）refers to the realization of langue in actual use.

Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

Social changes can often bring about language changes.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.