Supply chain management consists of firms collaborating to leverage strategic positioning and to improve operating efficiency.

In marine voyage chartering， the following（）terms are normally appeared in the voyage charter party.

（） is a system of unitized multimodal land transportation of transport by road and rail.

Consolidation can benefit all concerned.For exporters and shippers， they get the benefit of（）than they would have normally paid to the carrier.

General average and salvage charges are covered both in FPA and WA coverage.

Customs clearance in the import-export trade is one of the traditional functions of a freight forwarder.Customs clearance measures mainly include （）。

In（）the bunker is payable by the shipowner.

The air waybill number is the identification of each consignment and comprises three parts（）.

Under the FCA Term， if the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods， the（）is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person.

Under documentary credit， the buyer is entitled to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent before settling the payment.