When two bridges are competing for the root bridge of an IEEE 802.1D spanning tree and both have the same bridge priority configured， which parameter determines the winner？（）

Which three statements are true about policing？ （）

Two directly connected routers， R1 and R2， are both configured for OSPF graceful restart. R2 is able to switch packets in hardware， but R1 is not. If a network administrator logs on to R2 and performs a system reload， which will be the result？（）

Which two attributes need to match for two switches to become members of the same MST region？  （）

You are the network administrator of an enterprise company that just deployed a global IP telephony environment. In order to guarantee good voice quality， you asked your provider to implement QoS on the CE routers of your MPLS network. On your LAN， you have also deployed QoS. Users， however， keep complaining about bad voice quality， and the provider does not see matches on the DSCP values that you have asked him to match upon. What is most likely the problem？（）

In which way can the IPv6 address of 2031：0000：130F：0000：0000：09C0：876A：130B be expressed most efficiently？（）

What does the OSPF command capability vrf-lite achieve？（）

You are the network administrator of a Layer 3 switched network. Users in one VLAN are complaining that access to the server VLAN is very slow from time to time. Traffic in the local VLAN works without any issue， and users in other VLANs do not have any complaint to reach the server VLAN. What is most likely the cause of this issue？（）

Which statement is correct about an OSPF sham-link？（）

Policy-based routing allows network administrators to implement routing policies to allow or deny paths based on all of these factors except which one？（）