翻譯：This chapter deals with the fundamental properties of reservoir rocks. The properties discussed are (1) porosity - a measure of the void space in a rock; (2) Permeability - a measure of the fluid transmissivity of a rock; and (3) fluid saturation - a measure of the gross void space occupied by a fluid. These properties constitute a set of fundamental parameters by which the rock may be described quantitatively.

翻譯：If Colonel Drake, Uncle Billy smith , Anthony Lucas , and the untold thousands of other members of the fraternity of drilling pioneers were alive today , they would no doubt be fascinated and amazed by the proliferation of drilling tools and techniques that have been developed since those primitive days in Pennsylvania and Texas . Undoubltly , they would also be impress by the great numbers of drilling rigs at work today-------over two thousand in the USA alone.

翻譯：The need for a greater understanding of the pumping process and for the ability to engineer pump installations to a close degree of tolerance is being accentuated by the trend to pump from greater and greater depths . Problems are relatively minor when the pump is at 10,000 ft.

翻譯：In these early days, as lamp oil, was the important product and the main objects of refining was to extract as much of it as possible from the crude. Lubricants and some fuel oil were also sold, but gasoline was burnt off as unwanted and bitumen was also largely useless.

翻譯：THE OPEC oil cartel is about to turn 40, and the mood in the run-up to the grand heads-of-state party in Venezuela in less than three weeks time is jubilant. Not quite two years ago,oil was $10 a barrel and the cartel was on the brink of collapse. Now the oil price is well above $30 a barrel, and it shows little sign of coming down.

翻譯：In the chapter and the next some aspects of rod pumping and of the instruments used to analyze pumping well behavior are discussed. Many different pumping systems are in current use , e.g. , conventional sucker rod pumping, long-stroke pumping , hydraulic ,centrifugal,and sonic pumping ,but no attempt is made to deal here with any other method than convention a sucker rod pumping.

翻譯：A major oil company usually initiates the sequence of events that leads to the drilling of oil and gas wells in foreign fields, but independent oil operators pay for most of the wells in the United States. In fact, about 80% of all wells drilled in the U.S. today are financed by independents.

翻譯：Nearly three-fifths of all known petroleum reserves on Earth is to be found in the territory of the various Arabic-speaking countries. Kuwait , for instance , which is a small nation at the head of the Persian Gulf , with an area only three-fourths that of Massachusetts and a population of about half a million , posseses about one-fifth of all the known petroleum reserves in the world.

翻譯：A porous medium has a permeability of one darcy when a single phase fluid of one centipoise viscosity that completely fills the voids of the medium, will flow through it under conditions of viscous flow at a rate of one cubic centimeter per second per square centimeter cross sectional area under a pressure or equivalent hydraulic gradient of one atmosphere per centimeter.

翻譯：Since the volume factors and the solution gas-oil ratio are determined from laboratory measurements on samples of reservoir fluid at reservoir temperature and various pressures, these parameters are effective substitutes for detailed phase equilibrium data in most production calculations. However, these parameters are unknown at the time that exploration well tests are run, and hence they are estimated from correlation charts.